Iron Nickel Powder: Composition, Properties, Applications, and Specifications

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Iron nickel powder, also known as nickel-iron powder or Ni-Fe powder, refers to powder metallurgy forms of an alloy containing iron and nickel. This versatile material offers unique properties and is used across many industries and applications.

This comprehensive guide provides key details about iron nickel powder in an easy-to-use tabular format. We will explore the composition, characteristics, production methods, applications, suppliers, and other technical specifications of iron nickel powder. Whether you are a manufacturer, purchaser, engineer, or researcher, this is your go-to resource for everything you need to know about this multipurpose alloy powder.

Overview of Iron Nickel Powder

Iron nickel powder is composed primarily of iron and nickel, with small amounts of other alloying elements. It is metallic in nature and magnetic. The powder particles are fine and spherical in shape.

Some of the outstanding properties of this material include high permeability, low coercivity, good machinability, and excellent corrosion resistance. These characteristics make the powder ideal for use in electromagnetic shielding, soft magnetic applications, brazing, welding, and more.

This section provided a brief introduction to iron nickel powder. The tables below cover the composition, properties, applications, specifications, and other details in a convenient format.

Iron Nickel Powder Composition

The typical composition of iron nickel powder is:

エレメント組成範囲
鉄(Fe)35% – 80%
ニッケル(Ni)20% – 65%
モリブデン (Mo)0% – 5%
銅(Cu)0% – 2%

The ratio of iron to nickel can be adjusted based on the desired material properties and performance requirements. Specific alloy grades have standardized compositions defined by various societies and standards organizations.

The powder may also contain small amounts of impurities and trace elements picked up during the production process. The composition can be precisely controlled through atomizer design and adjustments to the melting, mixing, and blending parameters.

Iron Nickel Powder Characteristics and Properties

Iron nickel powder possesses a unique combination of chemical, electrical, magnetic, mechanical, and physical properties. The table below summarizes the key characteristics:

プロパティ詳細
Physical stateSolid powder
カラーMetallic gray
Crystal structureCubic
密度8.0-9.2 g/cm3
融点1400-1455°C
キュリー温度280-350°C
Resistivity94-160 μΩ.cm
透過性600-20,000 μ
Saturation flux density0.6-1.1 T
Remanence0.7-0.95 T
保磁力2.5-64 A/m
熱伝導率21-80 W/m.K
耐酸化性Fair to good
耐食性素晴らしい
加工性Good to excellent

The properties can be tuned by controlling composition, powder size, shape, porosity, processing, and final part parameters. The material offers an unparalleled combination of soft magnetic behavior, modest resistivity, good thermal characteristics, and corrosion resistance.

iron nickel powder
Iron Nickel Powder: Composition, Properties, Applications, and Specifications 4

Production Methods for Iron Nickel Powder

Iron nickel powder can be produced using various methods. The table below outlines the common production techniques:

方法詳細
ガス噴霧Melted alloy poured through nozzle, disintegrated by high-pressure gas jets into fine powder
水の霧化Molten stream broken into droplets by high-velocity water jets
Rotating electrode processMolten material flung off spinning electrode by centrifugal force
Carbonyl processThermal decomposition of metal carbonyls, followed by comminution
Mechanical alloyingRepeated cold welding and fracturing of powder particles in a ball mill

Gas atomization and water atomization are the most widely used methods. The former allows better control over particle size distribution. Mechanical alloying is used primarily for specialty grades requiring customized compositions.

Applications of Iron Nickel Powder

Iron nickel powder is utilized in a diverse array of applications spanning multiple industries. The major uses are:

申し込み詳細
Soft magnetsHigh permeability, low coercivity allows efficient magnetization/demagnetization
Electromagnetic shieldingAbsorbs EMI/RFI interference across wide frequency range
Welding/brazingExcellent oxidation resistance facilitates joining of materials
金属射出成形Ideal for complex net-shape part fabrication
3DプリンティングPrint intricate components with magnetic functionality
Electromagnetic actuatorsUsed in solenoids, motors, generators, sensors
Microwave devicesCores, circulators, isolators, filters
inductors/transformersEfficient magnetic flux linkage for electrical components
Sintered structural partsHigh hardness and strength after compaction and sintering

The powders can be compacted into various shapes and sintered to obtain soft magnetic composites for induction devices, actuators, electric motors, antennas, and similar equipment. The corrosion resistance allows usage in aggressive environments.

Iron Nickel Powder Specifications

Iron nickel powder is available in various size ranges, compositions, and other specifications tailored to different production techniques and applications. Typical parameters are provided below:

Iron Nickel Powder Sizes

メッシュサイズParticle Diameter
-140+325 mesh44-105 μm
-325メッシュ<44 μm
-100+400 mesh20-149 μm
10-50 μm10-50 μm

Narrower size ranges and custom particle distributions are available. Finer powders provide higher green strength and density while coarser powders improve flowability.

Iron Nickel Powder Compositions

グレード% Iron% Nickelその他の要素
FN-02035-40%バランスSmall amounts of Mo, Cu, Mn, Si, C
FN-02440-45%バランス
FN-02745-50%バランス
FN-05035-40%バランス1-5% Mo
FN-05240-45%バランス1-5% Mo
FN-05545-50%バランス1-5% Mo
FN-07752-57%バランス
FN-08057-62%バランス

Other niche compositions are manufactured for specialty magnetic, brazing, welding, and high-temperature applications.

ステンレス鋼粉末
Iron Nickel Powder: Composition, Properties, Applications, and Specifications 5

Iron Nickel Powder Standards

Key iron nickel powder standards:

  • ASTM B833 – Standard Specification for Powder Metallurgy (PM) Iron-Nickel-Base Soft Magnetic Alloys
  • ISO 4491 Metallic powders – Determination of oxygen content by reduction methods
  • ISO 4490 Metallic powders – Determination of hydrogen content — Inert gas fusion thermal conductivity method
  • MPIF Standard 56 – Magnetic Materials Producers Properties and Terminology

Iron Nickel Powder Pricing

パウダーグレード価格帯
-325 Mesh$7 – $11 per kg
-140 + 325 Mesh$8 – $12 per kg
10-50 μm$15 – $20 per kg
球形$25 – $35 per kg

Prices vary based on composition, shape, size range, quantity, manufacturer, and geographic region. Custom grades are more expensive.

Iron Nickel Powder Handling and Safety

Recommended handling procedures and safety practices for iron nickel powder:

  • Use spark-proof tools and explosion-proof equipment
  • Avoid dust formation and ignition sources
  • Ensure adequate ventilation and respiratory protection
  • Keep away from heat, flames, and incompatibles like oxidizers
  • Ground containers and powders transfer equipment
  • Store sealed containers in a cool, dry area away from moisture

Use appropriate PPE and follow safety data sheet precautions. Proper handling and housekeeping minimizes risks of fires, explosions, and health hazards.

Inspection and Testing of Iron Nickel Powder

Iron nickel powder quality is evaluated through standardized test procedures:

試験方法Parameter Measured
Sieve analysis粒度分布
見かけ密度Powder packing density
タップ密度Settled density after tapping
ホール流量計Powder flow rate
SEM, optical microscopyParticle morphology
XRF, ICP-OES化学組成
Inert gas fusionOxygen and nitrogen content
Mercury porosimetry多孔性
Vibrating sample magnetometer磁気特性

Meeting specification requirements for composition, powder characteristics, microstructure, and performance is critical for quality control and lot acceptance.

iron nickel powder
Iron Nickel Powder: Composition, Properties, Applications, and Specifications 6

Advantages and Limitations of Iron Nickel Powder

メリット制限事項
Tunable magnetic propertiesLower saturation flux density than ferrites or Fe powders
High permeabilities possibleRequires care in handling and processing
Excellent machinability and formabilityShape complexity limited in powder processing
Resistant to oxidation and corrosionNot suitable for low core loss applications
Wide range of compositions availableMore expensive than iron powder
優れた耐摩耗性Brittle after sintering if porosity not controlled
Custom particle distributions and shapes

By understanding the capabilities and restrictions of the material, it can be effectively implemented within design constraints. Continued research and development further expands the possibilities and applications of this multifunctional powder.

よくある質問

What is iron nickel powder?

Iron nickel powder is a metallic powder composed primarily of iron and nickel that is manufactured through gas atomization, water atomization, or other powder production techniques. It is used for soft magnetic applications, welding, brazing, and other areas.

How is iron nickel powder made?

The common production methods are gas atomization, water atomization, and mechanical alloying. The process generally starts by induction melting an alloy with the target composition, followed by disintegration of the molten stream into fine droplets that solidify into powder particles.

What are the contents of iron nickel powder?

Typical iron nickel powder contains 35-80% iron, 20-65% nickel, and small amounts of molybdenum, copper, and other trace elements. Specific compositions are formulated based on magnetic, mechanical, and other property requirements.

Is iron nickel powder ferromagnetic?

Yes, iron nickel powder exhibits ferromagnetic behavior, meaning it can be magnetized or attracted to magnetic fields. It has high initial permeability and low coercivity. This makes it well-suited for applications like electromagnetic shielding, inductors, transformers, and electric motors.

What is iron nickel powder used for?

Major uses include soft magnets, electromagnetic shielding, welding, brazing, metal injection molding, 3D printing, actuators, microwave components, inductors, and sintered structural parts across the automotive, aerospace, electronics, and other industries.

What are the advantages of iron nickel powder?

Key advantages include tunable magnetic properties, excellent machinability and formability, good corrosion and oxidation resistance, ability to tailor composition and powder characteristics, and capabilities for complex part fabrication through pressing and sintering.

What are the disadvantages of iron nickel powder?

Limitations include lower saturation flux density than ferrite or iron powders, more difficult handling and processing, restricted shape complexity in powder processing, unsuitability for low core loss uses, brittleness after sintering if porosity not controlled properly, and higher cost than pure iron powder.

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