{"id":7694,"date":"2024-07-27T13:10:29","date_gmt":"2024-07-27T05:10:29","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/am-material.com\/?p=7694"},"modified":"2024-07-25T13:25:12","modified_gmt":"2024-07-25T05:25:12","slug":"high-temperature-oxidation-of-inconel-939-formed-by-lpbf","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/am-material.com\/de\/news\/high-temperature-oxidation-of-inconel-939-formed-by-lpbf\/","title":{"rendered":"Hochtemperaturoxidation von Inconel 939 durch LPBF"},"content":{"rendered":"<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-post\" data-elementor-id=\"7694\" class=\"elementor elementor-7694\" data-elementor-post-type=\"post\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<section data-particle_enable=\"false\" data-particle-mobile-disabled=\"false\" class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-9ae9920 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"9ae9920\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-61d909b\" data-id=\"61d909b\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-99386fb elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"99386fb\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><strong>Hochtemperaturoxidation von Inconel 939 durch LPBF<\/strong><\/p><p><strong>Einf\u00fchrung<\/strong><\/p><p><strong>Superlegierungen auf Nickelbasis<\/strong> sind korrosionsbest\u00e4ndige Legierungen f\u00fcr Hochtemperaturanwendungen bis zu 1100 bis 1150\u00b0C. Aufgrund ihrer hohen Kriechfestigkeit, Vulkanisations- und Oxidationsbest\u00e4ndigkeit sind diese Legierungen in der Luft- und Raumfahrt sowie in der Energiebranche weit verbreitet. Sie enthalten in der Regel bis zu 10 Legierungselemente, darunter leichte Elemente wie Kohlenstoff oder Bor und schwere feuerfeste Elemente wie Ta, W, Nb oder Re.<\/p><p><strong>Inconel 939<\/strong>(auch bekannt als <strong>in939<\/strong>)ist eine Superlegierung mit hohem Chromgehalt, die h\u00e4ufig f\u00fcr Turbinenschaufeln und -bl\u00e4tter verwendet wird. Diese Legierung hat eine gute Schwei\u00dfbarkeit und eine ausreichende Festigkeit bei Betriebstemperaturen von bis zu 950\u00b0C. Superlegierungen, die dem In939 \u00e4hnlich sind, wie In718, In625 und Rene 220, bilden durch die bevorzugte Oxidation von Cr eine Cr2O3-Schicht, die das Metall vor Hochtemperaturkorrosion sch\u00fctzt. Die gebildete Oxidschicht ist in der Regel dicht und langsam wachsend und hat eine lange Lebensdauer bei Betriebstemperaturen bis zu 1000\u00b0C. Im Einsatz wird die Cr2O3-Schicht vor allem unter zyklischen Bedingungen beansprucht, was zu Abplatzungen der Schicht f\u00fchren kann.<\/p><p>In dieser Untersuchung wurden die Oxidationseigenschaften von <strong>in939<\/strong> Teile, die durch AM und CM (Gie\u00dfen) hergestellt wurden, wurden nach einer Expositionszeit von 158 Stunden bei 900 \u00b0C mit Hilfe von Lichtmikroskopie, Rasterelektronenmikroskopie (SEM) und energiedispersiver R\u00f6ntgenspektroskopie (EDX) eingehend untersucht.<\/p><p><strong>Materialien <\/strong><\/p><p>Die <strong>in939<\/strong> Legierungen werden sowohl durch AM (Laser-Pulverbett-Fusion, LPBF) als auch durch CM (Gie\u00dfen) hergestellt. Die chemische Zusammensetzung von AM- und CM-In939-Legierungen ist in folgender Tabelle dargestellt <strong>Tabelle 1<\/strong>:<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-7a77362 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"7a77362\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"918\" height=\"597\" src=\"https:\/\/am-material.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/Inconel939-powder-china-manufacturer-1.png\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-7696\" alt=\"Inconel939 Pulver Porzellan Hersteller\" srcset=\"https:\/\/am-material.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/Inconel939-powder-china-manufacturer-1.png 918w, https:\/\/am-material.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/Inconel939-powder-china-manufacturer-1-300x195.png 300w, https:\/\/am-material.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/Inconel939-powder-china-manufacturer-1-768x499.png 768w, https:\/\/am-material.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/Inconel939-powder-china-manufacturer-1-18x12.png 18w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 918px) 100vw, 918px\" title=\"\">\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-f2346dd elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"f2346dd\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><strong>Ergebnisse und Diskussion<\/strong><\/p><p><strong>Abbildung 1<\/strong> zeigt eine mikroskopische Aufnahme des ge\u00e4tzten Gef\u00fcges von AM In939 mit einer durchschnittlichen Gr\u00f6\u00dfe von 100-120 \u03bcm.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-9899c0c elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"9899c0c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" width=\"631\" height=\"287\" src=\"https:\/\/am-material.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/Inconel939-powder-china-manufacturer-2.png\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-7697\" alt=\"Inconel939 Pulver Porzellan Hersteller\" srcset=\"https:\/\/am-material.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/Inconel939-powder-china-manufacturer-2.png 631w, https:\/\/am-material.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/Inconel939-powder-china-manufacturer-2-300x136.png 300w, https:\/\/am-material.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/Inconel939-powder-china-manufacturer-2-18x8.png 18w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 631px) 100vw, 631px\" title=\"\">\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-8b171cc elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"8b171cc\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><strong>Abbildung 2<\/strong> zeigt die SEM-EDX-Querschnitte von AM-Y-, AM-Z- und CM-In939-Proben nach der Oxidation bei 900 \u00b0C und 158 Stunden. Dem Querschnittsbild zufolge sind die extern gewachsenen <strong>Cr2O3-Schichten<\/strong> mit einer durchschnittlichen Dicke von 3 \u03bcm sind auf allen Proben vorhanden. Die Schicht ist durchg\u00e4ngig und gleichm\u00e4\u00dfig, und es gibt keinen signifikanten Unterschied im externen Wachstumsma\u00dfstab zwischen den Proben in Bezug auf die Phasenzusammensetzung und die Oxidschichtdicke aufgrund der Mikrostrukturanisotropie. Dies bedeutet, dass die Mikrostrukturanisotropie von AM-Materialien keinen Einfluss auf das Oxidationsverhalten unter diesen Bedingungen hat:<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-777e268 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"777e268\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" width=\"850\" height=\"358\" src=\"https:\/\/am-material.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/Inconel939-powder-china-manufacturer-3.png\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-7698\" alt=\"Inconel939 Pulver Porzellan Hersteller\" srcset=\"https:\/\/am-material.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/Inconel939-powder-china-manufacturer-3.png 850w, https:\/\/am-material.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/Inconel939-powder-china-manufacturer-3-300x126.png 300w, https:\/\/am-material.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/Inconel939-powder-china-manufacturer-3-768x323.png 768w, https:\/\/am-material.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/Inconel939-powder-china-manufacturer-3-18x8.png 18w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 850px) 100vw, 850px\" title=\"\">\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-b3b6005 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"b3b6005\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><strong>Schlussfolgerung<\/strong><\/p><p>In dieser Studie wird untersucht, wie die Korrosionseigenschaften von durch additive Fertigung hergestelltem In939 denen von konventionell hergestelltem (CM) In939 bei 900\u00b0C \u00e4hneln, unabh\u00e4ngig von der Richtung der oxidierten Oberfl\u00e4che in Bezug auf die Umformrichtung. Beide Materialien bilden eine Cr2O3-Schicht als sch\u00fctzende Oxidschicht auf der Oberfl\u00e4che von In939.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>High temperature oxidation of Inconel 939 formed by LPBF Introduction Nickel-based super alloys are corrosion-resistant alloys designed for high temperature applications up to 1100 to 1150\u00b0C. Due to their high levels of creep resistance, vulcanization and oxidation, these alloys have been widely used in the aerospace and energy industries. They typically contain up to 10 [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":5,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"default","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","ast-disable-related-posts":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"set","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"ast-content-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"post_folder":[],"class_list":["post-7694","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-news"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/am-material.com\/de\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7694","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/am-material.com\/de\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/am-material.com\/de\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/am-material.com\/de\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/5"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/am-material.com\/de\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=7694"}],"version-history":[{"count":5,"href":"https:\/\/am-material.com\/de\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7694\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":7702,"href":"https:\/\/am-material.com\/de\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7694\/revisions\/7702"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/am-material.com\/de\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=7694"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/am-material.com\/de\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=7694"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/am-material.com\/de\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=7694"},{"taxonomy":"post_folder","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/am-material.com\/de\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/post_folder?post=7694"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}